How Poor Cervical Health Can Lead to Serious Diseases: Gynaecologist Explains

Cervical health is often overlooked until discomfort or visible symptoms appear. Yet, the cervix plays a critical role in protecting the uterus from infections and supporting reproductive health. January, observed globally as ‘Cervical Cancer Awareness Month’, serves as a timely reminder for women to pay closer attention to this often-neglected aspect of gynaecological health.

How Infections Can Damage the Cervix Over Time

According to Dr Sonamm Tiwari, Robotic and Laparoscopic Gynaecologist at Gleneagles Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, poor cervical health can quietly progress into serious medical conditions if ignored for too long.

One of the biggest threats to cervical health is untreated infection. Common causes include Human Papillomavirus (HPV), bacterial infections and other Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs). While some infections may initially cause mild symptoms, such as unusual discharge or spotting, persistent infection can lead to chronic inflammation of the cervix.

Dr Tiwari explains that long-standing inflammation may result in cervical erosion or abnormal cellular changes. Without timely screening through Pap smears or HPV testing, these changes can progress silently, increasing the risk of cervical cancer.

Link Between Poor Cervical Health and Fertility Problems

Compromised cervical health not only affects cancer risk. Infections can travel upwards to the uterus and fallopian tubes, potentially causing Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID). This condition is associated with chronic pelvic pain, irregular menstrual cycles and difficulties in conceiving.

For women planning a family, an unhealthy cervix can become an unexpected barrier. Cervical damage may interfere with sperm passage or create an inhospitable environment for pregnancy to occur naturally.

Risks During Pregnancy You Should Not Ignore

Poor cervical health can also have serious implications during pregnancy. Cervical weakness or active infection may raise the risk of miscarriage or preterm birth. Dr Tiwari highlights that many pregnancy complications linked to the cervix are preventable with early diagnosis and routine antenatal care.

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Prevention: Small Steps That Make a Big Difference

The good news is that most cervical health issues are preventable or manageable when detected early. Regular gynaecological check-ups, Pap smear screenings, HPV testing, and vaccination form the backbone of cervical cancer prevention. Safe intercourse and timely treatment of infections further reduce long-term risks.

As 'Cervical Cancer Awareness Month' reminds us this January, prioritising cervical health is not just about avoiding disease, it is about protecting fertility, ensuring safer pregnancies, and maintaining overall well-being.

ALSO READ- How Often Should Women Get Cervical Screening? Age-Wise Guidelines Explained by Gynaecologist

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