Your kidneys are like your body’s filters; they remove waste, balance fluids, and help control blood pressure. But kidney damage often happens quietly, and many people don’t notice the signs until it’s too late. Catching these signs early can help prevent serious problems like chronic kidney disease or kidney failure. Dr Ravi Kumar Singh, a kidney specialist at Max Super Speciality Hospital, Patparganj, shares the key warning signs of kidney damage and tips to keep your kidneys healthy.
Signs of Kidney Damage
Swelling (Edema)
One of the first signs of kidney trouble is swelling, especially in your ankles, hands, or around your eyes. Dr Singh explains, “When kidneys aren’t working well, they can’t remove extra fluid, which causes swelling.” If you notice puffiness in these areas, it’s time to check in with your doctor.
Changes in Urination
Your kidneys control how much and how often you pee. Dr Singh says, “Watch out for foamy urine, blood in your urine, or peeing less than usual.” Needing to pee more often at night can also be a red flag. These changes might mean your kidneys aren’t filtering waste properly.
Feeling Tired All the Time
Healthy kidneys help make a hormone called erythropoietin, which helps your body produce red blood cells. When kidneys are damaged, you might feel extremely tired or weak. Dr Singh notes, “If you’re always exhausted, it could be because your kidneys aren’t making enough of this hormone.”
Trouble Breathing
If your kidneys aren’t removing waste, fluid can build up in your lungs, making it hard to breathe. Dr Singh adds, “Low red blood cell counts from kidney damage can also reduce oxygen in your blood, causing shortness of breath.”
Nausea, Vomiting, or Loss of Appetite
When waste builds up in your blood because of kidney damage, it can upset your stomach. Dr Singh explains, “Many people with kidney problems feel nauseous, lose their appetite, or even vomit.” These symptoms often show up when kidney damage is more advanced.
Itchy or Dry Skin
Kidney damage can cause mineral imbalances, leading to dry, itchy skin. Dr Singh says, “If your skin feels itchy or you notice rashes, it could be a sign of kidney trouble.” This happens because your kidneys can’t balance minerals like calcium and phosphorus properly.
High Blood Pressure
Your kidneys help control blood pressure, so when they’re damaged, your blood pressure can spike. Dr Singh warns, “High blood pressure can also damage your kidneys further, creating a dangerous cycle.” Keeping your blood pressure in check is crucial for kidney health.
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How to Protect Your Kidneys
Control Diabetes and High Blood Pressure
These are the top causes of kidney damage. Dr Singh advises, “Manage your blood sugar and blood pressure with medication, a healthy diet, and regular check-ups.”
Stay Hydrated (But Not Too Much)
Drinking enough water helps your kidneys work well, but overhydration can be harmful, especially if you already have kidney or heart issues.
Eat a Kidney-Friendly Diet
Cut back on salt, processed foods, and too much protein. Dr Singh suggests, “Focus on fruits, vegetables, and whole grains unless your doctor says otherwise.”
Avoid Too Many Painkillers
Overusing painkillers can harm your kidneys. Dr Singh says, “Use these medicines sparingly and only as directed by your doctor.”
Quit Smoking and Limit Alcohol
Smoking and heavy drinking can hurt your kidneys and overall health. Dr Singh adds, “Quitting smoking and cutting back on alcohol can make a big difference.”
Get Regular Check-Ups
If you have diabetes, high blood pressure, or a family history of kidney disease, regular tests are a must. Dr Singh recommends tests like serum creatinine and urine albumin to catch problems early.
Kidney damage often happens without obvious symptoms, so it’s important to know the warning signs. By managing conditions like diabetes and high blood pressure, staying hydrated, and eating well, you can protect your kidneys. Regular check-ups and a healthy lifestyle are key to keeping your kidneys in good shape.
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