PCOS Symptoms And Treatment; Gynaecologist Weighs In

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder affecting women in the reproductive age group. The symptoms usually begin during adolescence but escalate over the years. PCOS may cause hormonal imbalances, irregular periods, excess androgen levels, and cysts in the ovaries in individuals affected by it. 

To understand the symptoms and treatment of PCOS, we spoke to Dr Kavyashree T S, Consultant – Obstetrician and Gynecologist at Motherhood Hospitals, HRBR Layout, Bengaluru. 

PCOS Symptoms 

Irregular Menstrual Cycles

“One of the hallmark signs of PCOS is irregular or absent menstrual periods. Women may experience fewer than eight periods a year or have cycles that are longer than 35 days,” says Dr Kavyashree

Ovulatory Dysfunction

PCOS can result in irregular ovulation or anovulation (lack of ovulation), affecting fertility and increasing the risk of infertility.

Hyperandrogenism

Increased levels of male hormones, like testosterone, may lead to excessive facial and body hair (hirsutism), severe acne, and oily skin.

Polycystic Ovaries

Dr Kavyashree advises, “Ovaries may become enlarged and contain numerous small cysts, which can be seen on an ultrasound. These cysts are typically less than 10 mm in diameter.”

Weight Gain

Women with PCOS may experience weight gain or have difficulty losing weight, resulting in exacerbated insulin resistance. This leads to higher insulin levels in the blood, contributing to weight gain and increasing the potential for type 2 diabetes.

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PCOS Treatment 

The treatment for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) includes altering lifestyle and medications. Here’s a detailed look at the treatment options available:

Diet

“Adopting a balanced, nutrient-rich diet can help manage symptoms and improve overall health. Consume whole foods, lean proteins, healthy fats, and low-glycemic index foods,” says Dr Kavyashree. Reduce processed sugars and carbohydrates to improve insulin sensitivity and support weight management.

Exercise

Exercising regularly including aerobic exercises (like walking or cycling) and strength training, can enhance insulin sensitivity, support weight loss, and help regulate menstrual cycles.

Weight Management

“Losing even a small amount of weight (5-10% of body weight) can have a significant impact on reducing PCOS symptoms, improving insulin sensitivity, and regulating menstrual cycles,” suggests Dr Kavyashree.

One must follow these tips to regulate their health and treat PCOS for a healthy lifestyle. However, consult a gynaecologist if you require personalised treatment. 

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