World Breastfeeding Week 2024: How Smoking And Drinking Affect Breast Milk And Child’s Development

Breastfeeding is an essential part of a baby’s life. From being the primary source of nutrition to fostering a strong emotional bond between mother and child, breastfeeding is vital for the nourishment of an infant. However, the quality of breast milk is deeply impacted when the mother indulges in ill habits including smoking and drinking, hampering the child’s development.

To understand the potential risks of smoking and drinking and its impact on the quality of breast milk, we spoke to Dr Kanchankumar Ramrao Bhagyawant, Consultant Paediatrician and Neonatologist, Ruby Hall Clinic, Pune. Here’s what he has to say.

Effects of Smoking During Breastfeeding

Toxins In Milk

Dr Bhagyawant says, “When a mother smokes, harmful chemicals, including nicotine, are released and can be passed through breast milk. Nicotine and other toxins in cigarette smoke can accumulate in breast milk, exposing the baby to these hazardous substances. This exposure can have detrimental effects on the baby’s developing organs and overall health.”

Respiratory Problems

Babies are more likely to develop respiratory ailments when they are exposed to smoke. They may develop conditions including asthma, bronchitis, and other respiratory infections. “The baby's lungs and immune system are particularly vulnerable, making it crucial to maintain a smoke-free environment,” advises Dr Bhagyawant.

Increased Risk of SIDS

Smoking during pregnancy and postpartum stage induces a high risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). “SIDS is a devastating condition resulting in the unexplained death of an otherwise healthy baby, typically during sleep. The connection between smoking and SIDS underscores the importance of avoiding tobacco to protect the infant’s life,” suggests Dr Bhagyawant.

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Effects of Drinking Alcohol During Breastfeeding

Alcohol in Breast Milk

When breastfeeding mothers consume alcohol, it transfers into their breast milk, passing it on to the child. This can not only affect the baby’s food habits but also overall behavioural patterns. “Even small amounts of alcohol can disrupt breastfeeding, leading to poor feeding habits and reduced nutrient intake,” says Dr Bhagyawant.

Developmental Delays

“Regular alcohol consumption while breastfeeding can contribute to long-term cognitive and behavioural issues,” suggests Dr Bhagyawant. These infants may experience hindered developmental patterns like speech and motor skills. He added, “The impact on the child’s brain development can have lasting consequences on their academic and social abilities.”

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