The Iraqi parliament has recently passed a deeply controversial set of amendments to its civil status law that fundamentally challenges existing protections for women and children. These legislative changes represent a dramatic shift from the country's previously progressive stance on marriage regulations, effectively legalising child marriage for girls as young as nine years old.
Iraq’s New Law Legalises Child Marriage at Nine
Historically, Iraq's 1959 Personal Status Law was considered a benchmark for women's rights in the region. The original legislation set a minimum marriage age of 18 and provided comprehensive protections for women's rights, including inheritance and divorce provisions. The new amendments completely upend this progressive framework, introducing a complex and deeply problematic approach to marriage laws.
The revised legislation introduces significant changes across religious communities. For Shia Muslims, the legal minimum marriage age is now nine, while Sunni Muslims have set their minimum at fifteen. The law allows unregistered marriages to be formalised with a guardian's consent, a provision that human rights activists argue opens the door to widespread exploitation.
Supporters of the law, including many conservative Shia lawmakers, argue that the amendments are in line with Islamic principles and help reduce the influence of Western culture on Iraqi society. They assert that the changes are necessary to uphold traditional values. However, critics argue that the law severely undermines the rights of young girls, stripping them of their childhood and subjecting them to early marriages.
Iraq’s New Child Marriage Law Sparks Outrage
Iraq’s decision to lower the legal marriage age stands in stark contrast to the global trend of increasing the legal age of marriage for women. Many countries around the world are raising the minimum age of marriage from 18 to 21 in a bid to protect girls and promote gender equality. Iraq’s approval of child marriage laws has therefore been met with international outrage and criticism.
Intisar al-Mayali, a prominent human rights activist from the Iraqi Women's League, expressed profound concern about the implications of these amendments. "These changes," she stated, "fundamentally undermine girls' rights to childhood and dismantle critical protections related to divorce, custody, and inheritance."
Social media users have also reacted strongly to the new law. One user stated, “We are going back in time.” Another tweeted, “The end of women and children’s rights.” A third user expressed their distress, writing, “Heartbroken to hear about Iraq's parliament considering legalising child marriage. This is nothing short of child abuse. We MUST protect our children's rights and futures, not sacrifice them for outdated traditions.”
BREAKING: Iraq just passed a law lowering the minimum age of marriage from 18 to 9.
— Ridvan Aydemir | Apostate Prophet 🇺🇸🇮🇱 (@ApostateProphet) January 22, 2025
The law gives religious authorities the power to decide on marriage, divorce, and child care. Shia Muslims may now marry at the age of 9 while Sunni Muslims may marry at the age of 15. pic.twitter.com/hj1HpZDX6Z
‘The end of women and children’s rights’: outrage as Iraqi law allows child marriage | Iraq | The Guardian https://t.co/W1hrwTWsXn
— Nilofar Ayoubi 🇦🇫 (@NilofarAyoubi) January 23, 2025
IRAQ IS A MENTALLY SICK COUNTRY @realDonaldTrump @elonmusk
— Mark Brewer (@theapril29th) January 23, 2025
Iraqi MPs open door to marriage for nine-year-olds – media
The amendments to the country’s legislation are a long-standing demand of Shiite blocs and could legalize child marriage
Iraq’s parliament approved three… pic.twitter.com/jSJ53q8qR5
What a #Shame 😡
— Nasik Kadir (@nktaha) January 21, 2025
I strongly condemn the recent amendments to Iraq's Personal Status Law, which legalize child marriage for girls as young as nine under certain interpretations of Islamic law. This move undermines fundamental human rights, jeopardizes the well-being of children! pic.twitter.com/JPWEoK0rzo
Iraq has lowered the legal marriage age for girls to just nine years old.
— Zaki Solja (@zakisolja) January 24, 2025
This is p*d*philia.
Iraqi MPs and women’s rights activists have condemned the new law, which grants religious authorities control over family matters such as marriage, divorce, and child custody. Critics… pic.twitter.com/OCcCJ3mgOM
Iraq passing laws to legalize child marriages for girls as young as 9 because of "religion". We are going back in time pic.twitter.com/mHB0WKBhNq
— AskAubry 🦋 🦝 (@ask_aubry) January 23, 2025
Child Marriage and Its Dangers
The potential impact of this law is deeply troubling. Child marriages expose young girls to multiple risks, including:
Forced interruption of education becomes almost inevitable. Young girls will be removed from school, eliminating their opportunities for personal and intellectual development. The risk of sexual and physical abuse increases dramatically, as children are placed in vulnerable positions without legal or social protection. Health complications from early pregnancies pose severe medical risks to young girls whose bodies are not physically prepared for childbirth.
The Iraqi Parliament Speaker described the law as "an important step to improve justice and regulate daily lives." However, this statement stands in stark contrast to the views of many female parliament members who have actively opposed the legislation.
The new marriage law exposes a critical moment in Iraq's social and legal landscape. It demands immediate international attention, robust dialogue, and concerted efforts to protect the fundamental rights of women and children.
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